Bishkek 比什凱克

Bishkek, formerly Pishpek and Frunze, is the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek is also the administrative centre of the Chüy Region. The region surrounds the city, although the city itself is not part of the region but rather a region-level unit of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek is situated near the Kazakhstan–Kyrgyzstan border with its population being 1,074,075 in 2021.
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Bishkek is situated at an altitude of about 800 metres (2,600 ft), just off the northern fringe of the Kyrgyz Ala-Too Range, an extension of the Tian Shan mountain range. These mountains rise to a height of 4,895 metres (16,060 ft). North of the city, a fertile and gently undulating steppe extends far north into neighbouring Kazakhstan. The river Chüy drains most of the area. Bishkek is connected to the Turkestan–Siberia Railway by a spur line.

Bishkek is a city of wide boulevards and marble-faced public buildings combined with numerous Soviet-style apartment blocks surrounding interior courtyards. There are also thousands of smaller, privately built houses, mostly outside the city centre. Streets follow a grid pattern, with most flanked on both sides by narrow irrigation channels, which provide water to trees which provide shade during the hot summers. …..  

比什凱克吉爾吉斯共和國首都。亦是該國的政治、經濟、交通、科教及文化中心。城市靠近哈薩克-吉爾吉斯邊境。根據2021年的統計,其人口為 1,074,075人。

1825年,浩罕汗國建立了「比什凱克」要塞,以控制當地的商隊路線和向吉爾吉斯部落徵收貢品。1860年9月4日,在吉爾吉斯的批准下,由阿波羅·齊默爾曼上校率領的俄羅斯軍隊摧毀了這座堡壘。如今,堡壘遺址位於新主清真寺附近的吉貝克喬魯街以北一點處。 1868 年,俄羅斯帝國在堡壘的原址上建立了一個定居點,其原名「Pishpek」。位於俄羅斯突厥斯坦其塞米雷奇州的總督轄區內。

1925年,喀拉-吉爾吉斯自治州俄羅斯突厥斯坦成立,並將比什凱克提升為首都地位。1926年,蘇聯共產黨以出生於此的布爾什維克軍事領袖米哈伊爾·瓦西里維奇·伏龍芝的名字,將這座城市重新命名為伏龍芝。1936年,伏龍芝市成為吉爾吉斯蘇維埃社會主義共和國的首都,1991年蘇聯解體後,吉爾吉斯議會將首都名稱改為比什凱克

比什凱克海拔約800公尺(2,600 英尺),城市在天山山脈延伸的阿拉圖山脈的北部邊緣。這些山脈高達 4,895公尺(16,060 英尺)。在城市的北部,肥沃而起伏的草原向北延伸到鄰近的哈薩克。當前的比什凱克是一座擁有寬闊林蔭大道和大理石公共建築的城市,城市各地周圍環繞着眾多蘇聯風格的公寓樓。還有數以千計的小型私人建造的房屋,大部分位於市中心之外。街道呈網格狀。…..

 

The Beauty of Bishkek
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