Kazakhstan 哈薩克斯坦

Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental landlocked country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbekistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest, with a coastline along the Caspian Sea. Its capital is Astana, known as Nur-Sultan from 2019 to 2022. Almaty, Kazakhstan’s largest city, was the country’s capital until 1997. Kazakhstan is the world’s ninth-largest country by land area and the world’s largest landlocked country. It has a population of 19 million people and one of the lowest population densities in the world, at fewer than 6 people per square kilometre (16 people/sq mi). Ethnic Kazakhs constitute a majority of the population, while ethnic Russians form a significant minority. Officially secular, Kazakhstan is a Muslim-majority country, although ethnic Russians in the country form a sizeable Christian community.

哈薩克共和國，通稱哈薩克，為跨洲國家，地跨歐亞兩洲，主要位於中亞北部，在烏拉爾河以西的一小部分領土位於東歐。哈薩克國土面積 2,727,300平方公里，為世界上最大的內陸國家，世界第九大國。哈薩克經濟在中亞居主導地位，佔中亞區域生產總值的60%，以石油、天然氣工業為主，另有豐富的礦產資源。哈薩克在文化上也是中亞突厥國家。